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A number sign (#) is used with this entry because pachyonychia congenita-4 (PC4) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the KRT6B gene (148042) on chromosome 12q13. Description Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the main clinical features of hypertrophic nail dystrophy, painful and highly debilitating plantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and a variety of epidermal cysts. Although the condition had previously been subdivided clinically into Jadassohn-Lewandowsky PC type 1 and Jackson-Lawler PC type 2, patients with PC were later found to have a mixed constellation of both types, leading to a classification of PC based on genotype (summary by Sybert, 2010; Eliason et al., 2012; McLean et al., 2011). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pachyonychia congenita, see 167200. Historical Classification of Pachyonychia Congenita Gorlin et al. (1976) suggested that 2 distinct syndromes are subsumed under the designation pachyonychia congenita.
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare genodermatosis predominantly featuring painful palmoplantar keratoderma, thickened nails, cysts and whitish oral mucosa. Epidemiology The prevalence is not known but approximately 1000 patients have been registered to date worldwide. Clinical description PC presents clinically as a spectrum of conditions. PC onset is variable with most cases manifesting soon after birth, others becoming clinically apparent only in late childhood and rarely in adulthood. The first signs of the disease usually are thickened nails or neonatal teeth.
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare inherited condition that primarily affects the nails and skin. The fingernails and toenails may be thickened and abnormally shaped . Affected people can also develop painful calluses and blisters on the soles of their feet and less frequently on the palms of their hands ( palmoplantar keratoderma ). Additional features include white patches on the tongue and inside of the mouth (leukokeratosis); bumps around the elbows, knees, and waistline (follicular hyperkeratosis); and cysts of various types including steatocystoma. Features may vary among affected people depending on their specific mutation.
For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pachyonychia congenita, see 167200. Inheritance Chong-Hai and Rajagopalan (1977) suggested autosomal recessive inheritance of pachyonychia congenita in a 4-year-old Malaysian girl with first-cousin parents, although they recognized new dominant mutation as a possibility. See also Sivasundram et al. (1985). INHERITANCE - Autosomal recessive HEAD & NECK Mouth - No oral leukoplakia SKIN, NAILS, & HAIR Skin - Horny papules (face, leg, buttocks) - No palmoplantar hyperkeratosis - No hyperhidrosis Nails - Episodic inflammatory swelling of nail bed - Recurrent shedding of nails - Hard,thickened nails (pachyonychia) - Subungual hyperkeratosis MISCELLANEOUS - See also pachyonychia congenita, type 3 (PC1, 167200 ) ▲ Close
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because pachyonychia congenita-3 (PC3) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the keratin-6a gene (KRT6A; 148041) on chromosome 12q13. Description Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the main clinical features of hypertrophic nail dystrophy, painful and highly debilitating plantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and a variety of epidermal cysts. Although the condition had previously been subdivided clinically into Jadassohn-Lewandowsky PC type 1 and Jackson-Lawler PC type 2, patients with PC were later found to have a mixed constellation of both types, leading to a classification of PC based on genotype (summary by Sybert, 2010; Eliason et al., 2012; McLean et al., 2011). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pachyonychia congenita, see 167200. Historical Classification of Pachyonychia Congenita Gorlin et al. (1976) suggested that 2 distinct syndromes are subsumed under the designation pachyonychia congenita.
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that pachyonychia congenita-2 (PC2) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the KRT17 gene (148069) on chromosome 17q21. Description Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the main clinical features of hypertrophic nail dystrophy, painful and highly debilitating plantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and a variety of epidermal cysts. Although the condition had previously been subdivided clinically into Jadassohn-Lewandowsky PC type 1 and Jackson-Lawler PC type 2, patients with PC were later found to have a mixed constellation of both types, leading to a classification of PC based on genotype (summary by Sybert, 2010; Eliason et al., 2012; McLean et al., 2011). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of pachyonychia congenita, see 167200. Historical Classification of Pachyonychia Congenita Gorlin et al. (1976) suggested that 2 distinct syndromes are subsumed under the designation pachyonychia congenita.
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because pachyonychia congenita-1 (PC1) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the keratin-16 gene (KRT16; 148067) on chromosome 17q21. Description Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the main clinical features of hypertrophic nail dystrophy, painful and highly debilitating plantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and a variety of epidermal cysts. Although the condition had previously been subdivided clinically into Jadassohn-Lewandowsky PC type 1 and Jackson-Lawler PC type 2, patients with PC were later found to have a mixed constellation of both types, leading to a classification of PC based on genotype (summary by Sybert, 2010; Eliason et al., 2012; McLean et al., 2011). Historical Classification of Pachyonychia Congenita Gorlin et al. (1976) suggested that 2 distinct syndromes are subsumed under the designation pachyonychia congenita. PC type 1, the Jadassohn-Lewandowsky type, shows oral leukokeratosis.
Waterhouse et al. [3] recommend: Time zones Local time to avoid light at destination Local time to seek light at destination East 6h 03:00–09:00 11:00–17:00 East 7h 04:00–10:00 12:00–18:00 East 8h 05:00–11:00 13:00–19:00 East 9h 06:00–12:00 14:00–20:00 Travelling east by 10 hours or more is usually best managed by assuming it is a 14-hour westward transition and delaying the body clock. [3] A customised jet lag program can be obtained from an online jet lag calculator.
The Lancet . 156 (4011): 89–95. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)65681-7 . ^ a b c d Weisse, ME (31 December 2000). ... The Lancet . 357 (9252): 299–301. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03623-0 . PMID 11214144 . S2CID 35896288 . ^ Dukes-Filatov disease at Who Named It?
A rare staphylococcal toxemia caused by epidermolytic toxins of Staphylococcus aureus and characterized by the appearance of widespread erythematous patches, on which large blisters develop. Upon rupture of these blisters, the skin appears reddish and scalded. The lesions typically begin in the face and rapidly expand to other parts of the body. The disease may be complicated by pneumonia and sepsis. It most commonly affects newborns and infants.
Police immediately organized a task force to conduct an investigation. About 0:00 on April 12, 2013, after the police determined that Lin was a suspect and summoned him, Lin then confessed that he had put N -nitrosodimethylamine in dorm 421's water dispenser. ... Archived from the original on 2015-04-21. ^ "上海一周：反思"复旦投毒案"中的舆论角色" . 163.com . 2014-02-24. Archived from the original on 2015-01-25. ^ "最高法复核复旦投毒案被告人死刑判决" .
. ^ "Deaths in the district of Inveresk and Musselburgh in the County of Edinburgh" . Statutory Deaths 689/00 0032 . ScotlandsPeople . Retrieved 11 April 2015 .
Characteristics [ edit ] Botellón usually begins around 11:00 p.m. and ends around 3:00 a.m. when many people move to a bar or club. ... Since botellón is usually a nighttime activity, Spain passed a law that prohibits stores to sell alcohol to the public after 10:00 p.m, hoping to persuade people to attend clubs or bars where alcohol must remain on site. [ citation needed ] However, the measure is a controversial one because people can still buy alcohol before the selling limit hour and consume it in public.
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology . 44 (4): 381–6. doi : 10.1016/S0021-5155(00)00179-9 . PMID 10974294 . v t e Symptoms and signs relating to the eye Adnexa lacrimal : Schirmer's test eyelid : Abadie's sign of exophthalmic goiter Boston's sign Dalrymple's sign Stellwag's sign Globe pupil : Argyll Robertson pupils Adie pupil Marcus Gunn pupil cornea : Fleischer ring Kayser–Fleischer ring Hudson–Stahli line iris : Brushfield spots Lisch nodule conjunctiva : Bitot's spots Arlt's line retina : Hollenhorst plaque Roth's spot Fuchs spot others: Alexander's law Hirschberg test Siegrist streaks This medical sign article is a stub .
Clinical Features Lisch et al. (1992) described 5 family members and 3 unrelated patients (4 males, 4 females), aged 23 to 71 years, with bilateral or unilateral, gray, band-shaped, and feathery opacities that sometimes appeared in whorled patterns. Retroillumination showed that the opacities consisted of intraepithelial, densely crowded, clear microcysts. Light and electron microscopy disclosed diffuse vacuolization of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the affected area. Visual acuity was so reduced in 3 patients that abrasion of the corneal epithelium was performed. The corneal abnormalities recurred within months, with the same reduction in visual acuity as before.
Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy (LECD) is a very rare form of superficial corneal dystrophy characterized by feather-shaped opacities and microcysts in the corneal epithelium arranged in a band-shaped and sometimes whorled pattern, occasionally with impaired vision. Epidemiology Exact prevalence of this form of corneal dystrophy is not known but very few cases have been reported to date. LECD has been documented in one German family and in rare sporadic cases in Germany and the USA. Clinical description Lesions generally develop in childhood. Epithelial opacities are slowly progressive and painless blurred vision sometimes occurs after 60 years of age. Etiology The exact cause is unknown but appears to be genetic. The gene related to Lisch epithelial corneal dystrophy has been mapped to the short arm of the X chromosome (Xp22.3).
External links [ edit ] Enterotoxemia at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153-10370_12150_12220-26508--,00.html https://web.archive.org/web/20111113020906/http://www.radil.missouri.edu/info/dora/RABBPAGE/GI.html#IV .
Journal of Hepatology . 32 (4): 661–665. doi : 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80229-9 . PMID 10782916 . Leary, Thomas P.; Muerhoff, Scott; Simons, John N.; Pilot-Matias, Tami J.; Erker, James C.; Chalmers, Michelle L.; Schalauder, George G.; Dawson, George J.; Desai, Suresh M.; Mushahwar, Isa K. (1996).
In the absence of competing psychosocial demands, both the average sleep onset time (18:12 +/- 1.4 hours vs 23:24 +/- 1.1 hour) and final wake time (04:06 +/- 0.7 hour vs 08:00 +/- 1.6 hours) of these subjects were significantly earlier (p less than 0.0001) than those of the 9 unaffected family members.
Treatment with sleep and wake scheduling and bright light therapy can be used to try to delay sleep phase to a more conventional time frame, however treatment of FASPS has proven largely unsuccessful. [9] Bright light exposure in the evening (between 7:00 and 9:00), during the delay zone as indicated by the phase response curve to light, [5] has been shown to delay circadian rhythms, resulting in later sleep onset and offset in patients with FASPS or other advanced sleep phase disorders. [1] Discovery [ edit ] In 1999, Louis Ptáček conducted a study at the University of Utah in which he coined the term familial advanced sleep phase disorder after identifying individuals with a genetic basis for an advanced sleep phase.
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that familial advanced sleep phase syndrome-3 (FASPS3) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the PER3 gene (603427) on chromosome 1p36. One such family has been reported. Description Advanced sleep phase syndrome is characterized by early sleep time (sleep onset) and early morning awakening (sleep offset) (summary by Zhang et al., 2016). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of advanced sleep phase syndrome, see FASPS1 (604348). Clinical Features Zhang et al. (2016) reported a family in which 3 individuals had advanced sleep phase syndrome, with much earlier sleep onset and offset times compared to unaffected family members and conventional sleepers. In addition, all 3 individuals showed clinical features of seasonal affective disorder (see 608516).
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that familial advanced sleep phase syndrome-1 (FASPS1) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the PER2 (603426) gene on chromosome 2q37. One such family has been reported. Description Advanced sleep phase syndrome is characterized by very early sleep onset and offset (summary by Jones et al., 1999). Genetic Heterogeneity of Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome See also FASPS2 (615224), caused by mutation in the CSNK1D gene (600864) on chromosome 17q25, and FASPS3 (616882), caused by mutation in the PER3 gene (603427) on chromosome 1p36. Clinical Features Advanced sleep phase syndrome is characterized by very early sleep onset and offset. Jones et al. (1999) stated that only 2 cases had been reported in young adults (Billiard et al., 1993; Singer and Lewy, 1989).
A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by very early sleep onset and offset. Plasma melatonin levels and body core temperature rhythms are also phase-advanced. The sleep-wake cycle is generally shortened. Additional reported features include migraine with or without aura and seasonal affective disorder.
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture / CGIAR . Slide at 00:44:37. Ali S. (2012) Population biology and invasion history of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici at worldwide and local scale, Ph.D. dissertation. ... External links [ edit ] http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/ad_hoc/36400500Publications/CerealRusts/The%20Cereal%20Rusts_VOLUME%20II.pdf http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/ad_hoc/36400500Cerealrusts/stripe_rust_control.pdf http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/ad_hoc/36400500Cerealrusts/Pst-life-cycle%20Phyto-reprint.pdf http://www.cimmyt.org http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/site_main.htm?modecode=36-40-05-00 "Norwich Rust Group" . Norwich Rust Group .
Human Pathology . 31 : 1389–96. doi : 10.1016/s0046-8177(00)80009-x . PMID 11112214 . External links [ edit ] CHI Support CHI Facebook Support Group This article has not been added to any content categories .
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science . 20 (2): 101. doi : 10.1016/S0737-0806(00)80451-7 . ^ a b c d e f Pusterla, N; Watson, JL; Affolter, VK; Magdesian, KG; Wilson, WD; Carlson, GP (26 July 2003).
