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  • Cameron Lesions Wikipedia
    One study in people with hernias showed mean blood loss of 15ml (a tablespoonful) per day in those with anemia, compared to 3 ml per day in those without anemia. [2] In one report 10% of 100 people investigated for iron deficiency anemia had a large hiatal hernia. [3] A 1967 review found that 20% of 1305 individuals having surgery for hiatal hernia were anemic. [4] Cameron in 1976 [5] compared 259 people with large hiatal hernias visible on chest x-ray with 259 controls without hernias.
  • Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Of The Appendicular Musculoskeletal System Wikipedia
    "Improvement of cardiac stem cell sheet therapy for chronic ischemic injury by adding endothelial progenitor cell transplantation: analysis of layer-specific regional cardiac function". Cell Transplant . 23 (10): 1305–19. doi : 10.3727/096368913X665602 .
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Wikipedia
    Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Ankara, Turkey) . 24 (1): 54–59. doi : 10.5152/dir.2017.17220 . ISSN 1305-3612 . PMC 5765931 . PMID 29217497 . ^ O'Cearbhaill, Roisin M.; Kavanagh, Eoin C.
    • Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak GARD
      Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea is the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) though the ear. It is a rare but very serious condition that requires rapid intervention. Symptoms include leak of clear fluid through the ear, inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain (meningitis), hearing loss, and seizures. The cause of a spinal fluid leak through the ear is a defect of the bone and meningeal layers covering the brain that separate the subarachnoid space of the brain from the middle ear and mastoid bone (located just behind the ear). The leaks occur after a surgery in the base of the skull, temporal bone fractures, congenital defects of the inner ear , trauma, or they may be spontaneous.
  • Pleural Effusion Wikipedia
    . ^ Lau, James Siu Ki; Yuen, Chi Kit; Mok, Ka Leung; Yan, Wing Wa; Kan, Pui Gay (2017-11-15). "Visualization of the inferoposterior thoracic wall (VIP) and boomerang signs-novel sonographic signs of right pleural effusion". ... Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology . 20 : 116–20. doi : 10.5152/dir.2013.13066 . ISSN 1305-3825 . PMC 4463296 . PMID 24100060 . ^ de Menezes Lyra R (1997).
    TNF, SPP1, IL12A, IGH, MYD88, IL10, IL6, FAS, MEFV, FSHR, NLRP3, RIT1, LACC1, KIAA1109, GPR35, IL23R, PLVAP, CFH, HFE, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, CD46, CCBE1, AARS2, PTPN11, EGFR, CFI, SOX18, ERAP1, PRSS2, PRSS1, PMM2, INHBA, KLRC4, IRAK1, CTRC, LBR, TAPT1, DNAH11, CCR1, TMEM151B, BMP2, BCL2, C1QA, C1R, C4A, CCND1, MST1, DNASE1L3, CFTR, TCF4, STAT4, SPINK1, BCL6, HELLPAR, IL12A-AS1, UBAC2, MIF, TLR4, VEGFA, CEACAM5, CRP, ADA, ALK, C20orf181, CD274, CDKN2A, PSG2, NCAM1, CEACAM3, MSLN, CEACAM7, NKX2-1, PDCD1, KRAS, CD44, BDNF, MUC1, CA9, HMGB1, SHOX2, IL33, TTF1, TLR2, CCL2, CTLA4, HACD1, EBAG9, CD83, TTR, KHSRP, BAP1, MKKS, KMT2D, AIMP2, BCAR1, TP53, TNFRSF1B, TK1, TIMP1, GRAP2, ACTB, PIEZO1, INTS2, COL18A1, MYO18B, AZIN2, ROMO1, BTLA, CACNA1G-AS1, GADL1, THEMIS, MIR130A, MIR198, MIR222, MIR93, CXADRP1, SFTPA1, SFTPA2, CD24, LINC01672, VTCN1, IL26, NR1I3, GINS2, TRIM13, CAP1, CXCL13, SORBS1, AHSA1, SEPTIN9, ESM1, FSTL1, PSIP1, WIF1, BRD4, RNF19A, POLDIP2, SIGLEC7, EML4, TERT, IL22, TG, CFP, TCF3, ERBB3, EFEMP1, FCGR3A, FCGR3B, FGF3, FGF4, FHIT, CXCR3, NR3C1, HCLS1, HNRNPA1, HP, HSD11B1, HSPA4, IFNB1, IGF1, IGFBP2, IL1B, ESAT, ERBB2, IL2RB, ENO2, AKT1, ALB, ARR3, BCR, BST1, CALR, CASR, CCR5, CLDN7, CRK, MAPK14, VCAN, CTAA1, CUX1, CXADR, ACE, EGF, IL2, IL5, ST2, MYH2, NRAS, NT5E, SERPINB6, PLG, PRKAR1A, MAPK1, ROS1, S100A8, S100A9, S100A11, CCL8, CCL17, SDC2, SRSF1, SRSF3, SRSF5, SPG7, NGF, MTAP, IL17A, MRC1, CXCL10, ANOS1, LAG3, LCN2, LDHA, LGALS1, LGALS9, LMNA, LNPEP, LUM, EPCAM, MCAM, MET, SCGB2A2, MIP, MMP2, MMP9, H3P10
  • Cystinosis Wikipedia
    PMID 12110740 . ^ a b Nesterova G, Gahl WA. Cystinosis: the evolution of a treatable disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2012;28:51–9. ^ Gahl WA, Thoene JG, Schneider JA. Cystinosis.
    CTNS, LGALS3, TRPV1, SLC66A1, TFEB, APRT, SCN7A, CCL2, RAB7A, RAB11A, YBX3, PTH, NBAS, NLRP2, RILP, UNC13D, RAB27A, PRKAB1, CASP1, PRKAA2, PRKAA1, NAGLU, MFAP1, LRP2, LDLR, ITGAE, IL18, IL10, IL1B, IFNG, CTSD, RAB7B
    • Cystinosis GeneReviews
      Summary Clinical characteristics. Cystinosis comprises three allelic phenotypes: Nephropathic cystinosis in untreated children is characterized by renal Fanconi syndrome, poor growth, hypophosphatemic/calcipenic rickets, impaired glomerular function resulting in complete glomerular failure, and accumulation of cystine in almost all cells, leading to cellular dysfunction with tissue and organ impairment. The typical untreated child has short stature, rickets, and photophobia. Failure to thrive is generally noticed after approximately age six months; signs of renal tubular Fanconi syndrome (polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, and acidosis) appear as early as age six months; corneal crystals can be present before age one year and are always present after age 16 months. Prior to the use of renal transplantation and cystine-depleting therapy, the life span in nephropathic cystinosis was no longer than ten years. With these interventions, affected individuals can survive at least into the mid-forties or fifties with satisfactory quality of life.
  • Fg Syndrome Wikipedia
    .), "MED12-Related Disorders" , GeneReviews , Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle, PMID 20301719 , retrieved 2020-09-01 ^ Lyons, Michael J. (1993), Adam, Margaret P.; Ardinger, Holly H.; Pagon, Roberta A.; Wallace, Stephanie E. (eds.), "MED12-Related Disorders" , GeneReviews , Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle, PMID 20301719 , retrieved 2020-09-01 ^ a b Opitz JM, Smith JF, Santoro L (2008).
    MED12, CASK, FLNA, FGS2, MID2, FGS3, IGAN1, VSX1, OBP2A, AGO2, RCOR1, CCN6, KIF22, IGBP1, HTC2, HPD, GLI3, FMR1, FGS5
    • Opitz-Kaveggia Syndrome OMIM
      A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that the Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome, also known as FG syndrome-1 (FGS1), is caused by mutation in the MED12 gene (300188) on chromosome Xq13. Description Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome (OKS) is an X-linked recessive mental retardation syndrome characterized by dysmorphic features, including relative macrocephaly, hypertelorism, downslanted palpebral fissures, prominent forehead with frontal hair upsweep, and broad thumbs and halluces. Most have hypotonia, constipation, and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum. Some patients have sensorineural hearing loss and joint laxity evolving into joint contractures. Affected individuals tend to be hyperactive and talkative (summary by Graham et al., 1999).
    • Fg Syndrome Type 1 Orphanet
      A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability, early hypotonia, constipation, feeding problems, imperforate anus, characteristic behavior (affable, eager to please), and dysmorphic craniofacial features (such as relative macrocephaly, prominent forehead with frontal hair upsweep, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, and open mouth). Additional manifestations are partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, sensorineural hearing loss, joint laxity, cardiac anomalies, and abnormalities of the fingers and toes, among others.
    • Fg Syndrome GARD
      FG syndrome (FGS) is a genetic condition that affects many parts of the body and occurs almost exclusively in males. "FG" represents the surname initials of the first individuals diagnosed with the disorder. People with FG syndrome frequently have intellectual disability ranging from mild to severe, hypotonia, constipation and/or anal anomalies, a distinctive facial appearance, broad thumbs and great toes, a large head compared to body size (relative macrocephaly), and abnormalities of the corpus callosum. Medical problems including heart defects , seizures, undescended testicle , and an inguinal hernia have also been reported in some affected individuals. Researchers have identified five regions of the X chromosome that are linked to FG syndrome in affected families.
  • Kaufman Oculocerebrofacial Syndrome Wikipedia
    .; Ledbetter, Nikki; Mefford, Heather C. (eds.). GeneReviews . Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle.
    UBE3B, PTPN4, MEG3, WDR20, RTL1
    • Kaufman Oculocerebrofacial Syndrome MedlinePlus
      Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome is a disorder characterized by eye problems (oculo-), intellectual disability (-cerebro-), and a distinctive pattern of facial features (-facial). Most individuals with Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome have an unusually small head size (microcephaly ), and some have structural abnormalities of the brain . Affected individuals have weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and are delayed in developing motor skills such as walking. Intellectual disability is severe or profound. Most affected individuals never acquire the ability to speak. Eye abnormalities and their effect on vision vary among people with Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome.
    • Oculocerebrofacial Syndrome, Kaufman Type Orphanet
      A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by severe intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features and variable multiple congenital anomalies including ocular, brain, urogenital and skeletal abnormalities. Epidemiology To date, 19 molecularly diagnosed cases have been described in the scientific and medical literature. Clinical description The most prominent clinical findings are severe intellectual disability, pre-and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, and typical craniofacial features which include non-progressive microcephaly of prenatal onset, prominence of the zygomatic region of the face, full cheeks, prominent frontal tubers, sparse and arched eyebrows, blepharophimosis with epicanthal folds, upslanted palpebral fissures, preauricular skin tags, underdeveloped and abnormally folded ears, wide nasal base, low nasal bridge, anteverted nares, long and flat philtrum and retrognathia. Hypotonia, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive and poor speech development are universal findings. Many patients require tube-feeding. Perceptive language is better than expressive, some patients acquire a few words and basic ambulation skills such as eating and dressing independently.
    • Kaufman Oculocerebrofacial Syndrome GeneReviews
      Summary Clinical characteristics. Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome (KOS) is characterized by severe intellectual disability and distinctive craniofacial features. Most affected children have prenatal-onset microcephaly, failure to thrive, hypotonia, and short stature. Eye abnormalities are common and can include structural abnormalities (microcornea or microphthalmia, coloboma, optic nerve hypoplasia), refractive errors (myopia ± astigmatism, hyperopia), strabismus, and entropion. Less common findings can include: unilateral or bilateral conductive hearing loss or mixed conductive-sensorineural hearing loss of variable severity; congenital heart defects; breathing problems; feeding difficulties; urogenital abnormalities; and/or skeletal abnormalities. Diagnosis/testing. The diagnosis of KOS is established in a proband with developmental delay/intellectual disability and biallelic UBE3B pathogenic variants.
    • Kaufman Oculocerebrofacial Syndrome OMIM
      A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome (KOS) is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the UBE3B gene (608047) on chromosome 12q24. Clinical Features Kaufman et al. (1971) described a distinctive syndrome in 4 of 7 sibs. Significant positive and negative features included intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly with mental retardation but no gross neurologic abnormalities or seizures, hypertelorism with epicanthi, ptosis of the eyelids, upslanted palpebral fissures, microcornea with pale optic discs, sparse and laterally broad eyebrows, flat philtrum, congenital hypotonia, micrognathia with neonatal respiratory distress, high and narrow palate, lordosis, constipation, and flat feet. Jurenka and Evans (1979) reported a sporadic case, and Garcia-Cruz et al. (1988) described a case. Buntinx and Majewski (1990) reported a child, born to nonconsanguineous parents, with what the authors considered to be a novel phenotype.
  • Lymphangiosarcoma Wikipedia
    . ^ Sher T, Hennessy BT, Valero V, Broglio K, Woodward WA, Trent J, Hunt KK, Hortobagyi GN, Gonzalez-Angulo AM.Primary angiosarcomas of the breast.
    CD34, TSC1, VEGFA, LIAS
  • Cd55 Deficiency Wikipedia
    Kurolap and colleagues treated patients with off-label eculizumab , a humanized anti-C5 monoclonal antibody and complement inhibitor, and it was shown to have beneficial outcomes over an 18-month period. [6] Investigators at Marmara University in Istanbul, Turkey, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the US National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland currently have clinical protocols to study new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. [7] References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ozen A, Comrie WA, Ardy RC, Domínguez Conde C, Dalgic B, Beser ÖF, et al.
  • Berdon Syndrome Wikipedia
    . ^ "Ann Arbor boy, 5, overcomes rare diseases: 'He's a fighter ' " . 2015-12-24. ^ Berdon, WE; Baker, DH; Blanc, WA; Gay, B; Santulli, TV; Donovan, C (1976).
    ACTG2, MYH11, MYLK, LMOD1, CHRM3, ACTB, B2M, MYL9, BHLHE23
    • Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome Overview GeneReviews
      Summary The purpose of this overview is to increase the awareness of clinicians regarding megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) and its genetic causes and management. The following are the goals of this overview: Goal 1. Describe the clinical characteristics of MMIHS. Goal 2. Review the genetic causes of MMIHS. Goal 3. Provide an evaluation strategy to identify the genetic cause of MMIHS in a proband (when possible). Goal 4. Inform genetic counseling of family members of an individual with MMIHS. Goal 5. Review management of MMIHS. Diagnosis Clinical Characteristics Differential Diagnosis Management
    • Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome Orphanet
      Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare congenital disease characterized by massive abdominal distension caused by a largely dilated non-obstructed urinary bladder (megacystis), microcolon and decreased or absent intestinal peristalsis. Epidemiology MMIHS prevalence is unknown but the disease has been reported in 230 patients, of which 71% are females. Clinical description Enlarged and nonobstructed bladder is the first manifestation of MMIHS and can be detected prenatally. It results in abdominal distension, which is an early constant finding. Usual clinical presentation is similar to other neonatal intestinal obstructions: bile stained vomiting and failure to pass meconium.
    • Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome GARD
      Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare congenital condition characterized by abdominal distension caused by a largely dilated non-obstructed urinary bladder (megacystis); very small colon (microcolon); and decreased or absent intestinal movements (intestinal peristalsis). Usual clinical presentation is similar to other neonatal intestinal obstructions: bile stained vomiting and failure to pass meconium (the first bowel movement the baby has). Other intestinal anomalies may be present like intestinal malrotation . Many problems with the urinary tract result from the bladder dysfunction. It is part of a group of conditions caused by changes (mutations) in the ACTG2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
  • Melorheostosis Wikipedia
    . ^ Kang H, Jha S, Deng Z, Fratzl-Zelman N, Cabral WA, Ivovic A, Meylan F, Hanson EP, Lange E, Katz J, Roschger P, Klaushofer K, Cowen EW, Siegel RM, Marini JC, Bhattacharyya T (April 2018).
    LEMD3, HBB, HBA1, HBA2, HBD, HBG2, MYC, HBG1, SSX2, TGFB1, VIM, MIA, PDCD5, ALAS1, SLC1A1, CD274, PRDM16, CPO, SMIM10L2A, SMIM10L2B, SOX10, NOTCH1, CCL2, PTGS2, MAP2K1, ATP7A, KRAS, HLA-C, HBE1, GATA1, GAGE5, GAGE4, GAGE1, BAGE, SSX2B
    • Melorheostosis MedlinePlus
      Melorheostosis is a rare bone disease. It causes the abnormal growth of new bone tissue on the surface of existing bones. The new bone has a characteristic appearance on x-rays, often described as "flowing" or like dripping candle wax. The excess bone growth typically occurs on the bones in one arm or leg, although it can also affect the pelvis, breastbone (sternum), ribs, or other bones. (The term "melorheostosis" is derived from the Greek words "melos," which means limb; "rheos," which means flow; and "ostosis," which refers to bone formation.) The abnormal bone growth associated with melorheostosis is noncancerous (benign), and it does not spread from one bone to another.
  • Ameloblastic Fibroma Wikipedia
    European Journal of Dentistry . 10 (1): 139–143. doi : 10.4103/1305-7456.175700 . PMC 4784144 . PMID 27011753 .
    AMBN, TNC, VIM
  • Abortion In The Philippines Wikipedia
    Approximately 4 in 5 abortions in the Philippines are for economic reasons, often where a woman already has several children and cannot care for another. [4] While some doctors secretly perform abortions in clinics, the 2,000 to 5,000 peso (US$37 to US$93) fee is too high for many Filipinos, so they instead buy abortifacients on the black market, e.g. from vendors near churches, sari-sari stores and bakeries. [4] Two-thirds of Filipino women who have abortions attempt to self-induce or seek solutions from those who practice folk medicine . [5] One hundred thousand people end up in the hospital every year due to unsafe abortions, according to the Department of Health , [4] and 12% of all maternal deaths in 1994 were due to unsafe abortion .
  • Acephalgic Migraine Wikipedia
    ISBN 1-55009-180-8 . ^ Al-Twaijri, WA; Shevell, MI (May 2002). "Pediatric migraine equivalents: occurrence and clinical features in practice".
  • Uterine Incarceration Wikipedia
    The bladder is decompressed by a Foley catheter and the obstetrician may attempt to manipulate the uterus if necessary using general or spinal anesthesia. [3] Rarely will a woman with an incarcerated uterus reach term, - if so, a cesarean delivery is called for. [8] References [ edit ] ^ a b Lettieri L, Rodis JF, McLean DA, Campbell WA, Vintzileos AM (September 1994). "Incarceration of the gravid uterus".
  • Ovine Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Wikipedia
    ISBN 9783642628979 . ^ Youssef, G; Wallace, WA; Dagleish, MP; Cousens, C; Griffiths, DJ (2015).
  • Talon Cusp Wikipedia
    European Journal of Dentistry . 5 (1): 113–116. doi : 10.1055/s-0039-1698866 . ISSN 1305-7456 . PMC 3019756 . PMID 21228961 . ^ Mellor, J.
    CREBBP, EP300, NEK1, CHSY1, BCOR
  • Coronary Thrombosis Wikipedia
    Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Ankara, Turkey) . 25 (1): 28–34. doi : 10.5152/dir.2018.18004 . ISSN 1305-3612 . PMC 6339625 . PMID 30582569 . ^ Baumann Kreuziger, Lisa; Slaughter, Mark S.; Sundareswaran, Kartik; Mast, Alan E.
    ITGB3, PLAT, PLA2G1B, PLA2G6, PLA2G2A, C20orf181, SIRT3, HPSE, TPSD1, SERPINE1, TFPI, SOD2, REN, PLG, GP6, HPSE2, P2RY12, VWF, CD14, CD44, MMP9, MMP3, ITGA2B, ITGA2, GPX3, GP5, GP1BA, GLS, F3, F2R, F2, ESR1, ACE, VCAN, P2RY1
  • Obesity In India Wikipedia
    S2CID 6075746 . v t e India topics History Overviews Timeline Years Astronomy Clothing Coinage Economics LGBT Linguistics Maritime Mathematics Metallurgy Military Postal Science and technology Pre-colonial Stone Age Indus Valley Civilization Vedic period Mahajanapadas Mauryas Middle kingdoms Hoysala Chola Pala Kakatiya Delhi Sultanate Vijayanagara Mughals Marathas European trade Colonial Princely East India Company Plassey 1857 rebellion British Raj Railways Economy Army Zamindari Bengali Renaissance Political reforms Princely states Partition of Bengal Independence movement 1943 famine World War II Partition Republic Integration Non-Aligned Movement Five-Year Plans Sino-Indian War Indo-Pakistani wars Green Revolution White Revolution Naxal Insurgency Smiling Buddha Space programme The Emergency Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) Economic liberalisation Pokhran-II Geography Environment Biosphere reserves Climate Earthquakes Ecoregions Environmental issues Fauna Flora Geology National parks Protected areas Wildlife sanctuaries Landforms Beaches Desert Extreme points Glaciers Islands Lakes Mountains Plains Indo-Gangetic Eastern coastal Western coastal Rivers Valleys Volcanoes Waterfalls Regions East North Northeast South West Subdivisions Autonomous administrative divisions Borders Towns Cities Districts Municipalities States and union territories Politics Government Agencies Energy policy Foreign relations Parliament Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha President Vice President Prime Minister Union Council of Ministers Civil Services Cabinet Secretary State governments State legislatures State legislative assemblies State legislative councils Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators Chief Ministers Chief Secretaries Law Constitution Penal Code Fundamental rights, principles and duties Human rights Supreme Court Chief Justice High Courts District Courts Enforcement Federal Border Security Force (BSF) Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Central Reserve Police 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  • Noma (Disease) Wikipedia
    PMID 12655218 . ^ a b c Enwonwu CO, Falkler WA, Phillips RS (July 8, 2006). "Noma (cancrum oris)". ... Saunders Book Company, 062008. 5.11.2 ^ Barmes DE, Enwonwu CO, Leclercq MH, Bourgeois D, Falkler WA (1997). "The need for action against oro-facial gangrene (noma)".
    • Noma Orphanet
      Noma is a gangrenous disease that causes severe destruction of the soft and osseous tissues of the face. Epidemiology Its exact prevalence is unknown. The disease was present in the Western world up until the start of the 20th century, but it now mainly affects children between 2 and 6 years of age living in the poorest regions of the world. Rare cases of noma have been described in adults with severe immunodeficiency (individuals with AIDS or myelopathy, or those being treated with immunosuppressants) in Africa and in the Western world. Clinical description In addition to the severe facial destruction, children with noma often present with rhinolalia aperta, uncontrollable drooling, and socially handicapping halitosis. The most debilitating sequela is permanent jaw constriction. Spontaneous resolution of the disease is associated with the formation of extremely dense and fibrous scars that may lead to osseous ankylosis between the mandible and maxilla or the mandible and the malar bone.
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