Carotid-cavernous fistula Other names CCF Oblique section through the cavernous sinus. Specialty Neurology , cardiology A carotid-cavernous fistula results from an abnormal communication between the arterial and venous systems within the cavernous sinus in the skull. ... As arterial blood under high pressure enters the cavernous sinus, the normal venous return to the cavernous sinus is impeded and this causes engorgement of the draining veins, manifesting most dramatically as a sudden engorgement and redness of the eye of the same side. ... Direct fistulas occur when the Internal Carotid artery (ICA) itself fistulizes into the Cavernous sinus whereas indirect is when a branch of the ICA or External Carotid artery (ECA) communicates with the cavernous sinus. ... Direct CCF may be treated by occlusion of the affected cavernous sinus (coils, balloon, liquid agents), or by reconstruction of the damaged internal carotid artery (stent, coils or liquid agents). ... PMID 22839357 . ^ Ong, CK; Wang, LL; Parkinson, RJ; Wenderoth, JD (2009). "Onyx embolisation of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula via direct percutaneous transorbital puncture".

Endodermal sinus tumor Other names Yolk sac tumor ( YST ) Micrograph showing the yolk sac component of a mixed germ cell tumour. ... In contrast to the pure form typical of infants, adult endodermal sinus tumors are often found in combination with other kinds of germ cell tumor, particularly teratoma and embryonal carcinoma . While pure teratoma is usually benign , endodermal sinus tumor is malignant . Contents 1 Cause 2 Diagnosis 2.1 Pathology 3 Treatment 4 See also 5 References 6 External links Cause [ edit ] Causes are poorly understood. ... Treatment with cisplatin , etoposide , and bleomycin has been described. [7] Before modern chemotherapy, this type of neoplasm was highly lethal, but the prognosis has significantly improved since then. [ citation needed ] When endodermal sinus tumors are treated promptly with surgery and chemotherapy, fatal outcomes are exceedingly rare. [8] See also [ edit ] Germ cell tumor Testicular cancer References [ edit ] ^ "Endodermal Sinus Tumor" . ... "Adjuvant chemotherapy in a pregnant woman with endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary". Obstetrics and Gynecology . 109 (2 Pt2): 537–40. doi : 10.1097/01.AOG.0000245450.62758.47 .

Anatomic types are the lateral type involving the jugular bulb, which presents with minimal symptoms, and the usually symptomatic midline type involving the confluens sinuum (torcular Herophili) and adjacent posterior sinuses. Complications include sinus thrombosis, venous infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage, as well as cardiac failure, macrocrania, and hydrocephalus.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis Other names Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis, (superior) sagittal sinus thrombosis, dural sinus thrombosis, intracranial venous thrombosis, cerebral thrombophlebitis Dural veins Specialty Neurology Treatment Low molecular weight heparin [1] Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis ( CVST ) is the presence of a blood clot in the dural venous sinuses , which drain blood from the brain . ... D-dimer [ edit ] There is an association between the D-dimer blood test and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. [7] This association however is not strong enough to rule out the diagnosis alone. [7] Further tests [ edit ] In most patients, the direct cause for the cerebral sinus thrombosis is not readily apparent. ... "Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT)" . ... PMID 20784169 . ^ Ray BS, Dunbar HS, Dotter CT (January 1951). "Dural sinus venography as an aid to diagnosis in intracranial disease". ... "Clinical guideline Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Children" . Archived from the original on 2 February 2009 .

Most often this is due to ectopic beats occurring so frequently that there is one after each sinus beat , or normal heartbeat. The two beats are figuratively similar to two twins (hence bi- + gemini ). For example, in ventricular bigeminy, a sinus beat is shortly followed by a PVC, a pause, another normal beat, and then another PVC. [1] In atrial bigeminy, the other "twin" is a premature atrial contraction (PAC). ... Thus the atrium is not depolarized and the sinus node is not reset. Since the sinus p wave to PVC interval is less than the normal P-P interval, the interval between the PVC and the next p wave is prolonged to equal the normal time elapsed during two P-P intervals. ... This then allows for re-entrant circuits and sets up the ventricle for another PVC after the next sinus beat. [2] The constant interval between the sinus beat and PVC suggests a reentrant etiology rather than spontaneous automaticity of the ventricle. [3] Atrial premature complexes (APCs) do not have a compensatory pause since they reset the sinus node but atrial or supraventricular bigeminy can occur. If the APCs are very premature, the wavefront can encounter a refractory AV node and not be conducted. This can be mistaken for sinus bradycardia if the APC is buried in the T wave since the APC will reset the SA node and lead to a long P-P interval. [2] Diagnosis [ edit ] A rhythm strip demonstrating bigeminy simple ECG of a Supraventricular Bigeminy Rule of bigeminy [ edit ] When the atrial rhythm is irregular (as in atrial fibrillation or sinus arrythmia) the presence of bigeminy depends on the length of the P-P interval and happens more frequently with a longer interval.

Persistent left superior vena cava connecting to the left-sided atrium is a rare, congenital vascular malformation of the major vessels characterized by a persitent left superior vena cava which drains directly to the left atrium, without passing through the coronary sinus (that may be absent in some cases).

These phenotypes include bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, delayed conduction/conduction block, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (Mohler et al., 2007). ... Since the initial description, Mohler et al. (2003) reported that 8 additional individuals had been born, of whom 4 carried the LQT4 haplotype. Sinus node abnormalities were diagnosed in utero in all affected members from generation 4. ... Mapping In a 65-member family in which the long QT syndrome was associated with more marked sinus bradycardia than usual, leading to sinus node dysfunction, Schott et al. (1995) excluded linkage to 3 previously mapped LQT loci on chromosomes 11 (LQT1; 192500), 7 (LQT2; 613688), and 3 (LQT3; 603830). ... Nomenclature Splawski (2004) suggested the designation 'sick sinus syndrome associated with bradycardia' for this disorder. ... INHERITANCE - Autosomal dominant CARDIOVASCULAR Heart - Prolong QT interval on EKG - Sinus bradycardia - Sinus nude dysfunction - Atrial fibrillation - Syncope - Sudden cardiac death MISCELLANEOUS - Genetic heterogeneity (see LQT1 192500 ) MOLECULAR BASIS - Caused by mutation in the ankyrin 2 gene (ANK2, 106410.0001 ) ▲ Close

Sinoatrial arrest Other names Sinus arrest or Sinus pause Specialty Cardiology Sinoatrial arrest is a medical condition wherein the sinoatrial node of the heart transiently ceases to generate the electrical impulses that normally stimulate the myocardial tissues to contract and thus the heart to beat. ... If no other pacemaker begins pacing during an episode of sinus arrest it becomes a cardiac arrest . ... If the next available pacemaker takes over, it is in the following order: Atrial escape (rate 60–80): originates within atria , not sinus node (normal P morphology is lost). ... Treatment includes stop medications that suppress the sinus node ( beta blocker , Calcium channel blocker , digitalis ); may need pacing. ... Retrieved 2008-04-28 . v t e Cardiovascular disease (heart) Ischaemic Coronary disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina Sequelae hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome Layers Pericardium Pericarditis Acute Chronic / Constrictive Pericardial effusion Cardiac tamponade Hemopericardium Myocardium Myocarditis Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy Dilated Alcoholic Hypertrophic Tachycardia-induced Restrictive Loeffler endocarditis Cardiac amyloidosis Endocardial fibroelastosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium / valves Endocarditis infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis Valves mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency Conduction / arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Heart block : Sinoatrial AV 1° 2° 3° Intraventricular Bundle branch block Right Left Left anterior fascicle Left posterior fascicle Bifascicular Trifascicular Adams–Stokes syndrome Tachycardia ( paroxysmal and sinus ) Supraventricular Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic Ventricular Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes Premature contraction Atrial Junctional Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Lown–Ganong–Levine Wolff–Parkinson–White Flutter / fibrillation Atrial flutter Ventricular flutter Atrial fibrillation Familial Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat Multifocal atrial tachycardia Pacemaker syndrome Parasystole Wandering atrial pacemaker Long QT syndrome Andersen–Tawil Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Romano–Ward Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Sinoatrial arrest Other / ungrouped hexaxial reference system Right axis deviation Left axis deviation QT Short QT syndrome T T wave alternans ST Osborn wave ST elevation ST depression Strain pattern Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy Left Right / Cor pulmonale Atrial enlargement Left Right Athletic heart syndrome Other Cardiac fibrosis Heart failure Diastolic heart failure Cardiac asthma Rheumatic fever This article about a medical condition affecting the circulatory system is a stub .

Overview Sinus headaches are headaches that may feel like an infection in the sinuses (sinusitis). ... In fact, studies have shown that most people who see a health care provider for sinus headaches are found to have migraines instead. ... Sinus headaches are associated with pain and pressure in the face and sinuses and can cause nasal symptoms. Most of these headaches are not caused by sinus infections and generally should not be treated with antibiotics. ... Treatment Most people who assume they have sinus headaches actually have migraines or tension-type headaches.

Find sources: "Sinoatrial block" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( January 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Sinoatrial block Sinus rhythm (rate = 65/min) with Type II S-A (exit) block; (see laddergram). ... The p-cells in the centre of the node produce the rhythm at a regular rate, but their conduction across the node to where it meets atrial tissue is where the slowing occurs. A second degree type II, or sinus exit block, is a regular rhythm that may be normal or slow. ... A third degree sinoatrial block looks very similar to a sinus arrest. However, a sinus arrest is caused by a failure to form impulses. ... The pause ends with a P wave, instead of a junctional escape beat the way a sinus arrest would. Treatment [ edit ] Emergency treatment consists of administration of atropine sulfate or transcutaneous pacing . ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : I45.5 ICD - 9-CM : 426.6 MeSH : D012848 v t e Anatomy of the heart General Surface base apex sulci coronary interatrial anterior interventricular posterior interventricular borders right left Internal atria interatrial septum pectinate muscles terminal sulcus ventricles interventricular septum trabeculae carneae chordae tendineae papillary muscle valves cusps atrioventricular septum cardiac skeleton intervenous tubercle Chambers Right heart ( venae cavae , coronary sinus ) → right atrium ( atrial appendage , fossa ovalis , limbus of fossa ovalis , crista terminalis , valve of inferior vena cava , valve of coronary sinus ) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle ( infundibulum , moderator band/septomarginal trabecula , crista supraventricularis ), → pulmonary valve → ( pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation ) Left heart ( pulmonary veins ) → left atrium ( atrial appendage ) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve ( aortic sinus ) → ( aorta and systemic circulation ) Layers Endocardium heart valves Myocardium Conduction system cardiac pacemaker SA node Bachmann's bundle AV node bundle of His bundle branches Purkinje fibers Pericardial cavity pericardial sinus Pericardium fibrous pericardium sternopericardial ligaments serous pericardium epicardium/visceral layer fold of left vena cava Blood supply Circulatory system Coronary circulation Coronary arteries

Sinus [ edit ] Atrial bradycardias are divided into three types. The first, respiratory sinus arrhythmia , is usually found in young and healthy adults. ... This is thought to be caused by changes in the vagal tone during respiration. [5] If the decrease during exhalation drops the heart rate below 60 BPM on each breath, this type of bradycardia is usually deemed benign and a sign of good autonomic tone . The second, sinus bradycardia , is a sinus rhythm of less than 60 BPM. ... Studies have found that 50–85% of conditioned athletes have benign sinus bradycardia, as compared to 23% of the general population studied. [6] The heart muscle of athletes has become conditioned to have a higher stroke volume , so requires fewer contractions to circulate the same volume of blood. [5] The third, sick sinus syndrome , covers conditions that include severe sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial block , sinus arrest , and bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome ( atrial fibrillation , atrial flutter , and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ). [5] Atrioventricular junction [ edit ] An AV-junctional rhythm , or atrioventricular nodal bradycardia, is usually caused by the absence of the electrical impulse from the sinus node . ... An AV-junctional escape complex is a normal response that may result from excessive vagal tone on the SA node. Pathological causes include sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sinus exit block, or AV block. [5] Ventricular [ edit ] Idioventricular rhythm , also known as atrioventricular bradycardia or ventricular escape rhythm, is a heart rate of less than 50 BPM.

Symptoms [ edit ] · Same side nose blockage (unilateral nasal obstruction). [2] When an OAC or OAF is present, the passage to the maxillary sinus can results in infection and inflammation in the maxillary sinus. ... Pain can be referred to the upper teeth and be mistaken for toothache [3] · Fluid can flow from the mouth through the communication and into the maxillary sinus. The maxillary sinus is connected to the nose and therefore fluid can come out of the nostrils when drinking [2] · Change in sounds produced from the nose and the voice – specifically a whistling sound whilst speaking [2] · Taste can be affected [2] Signs [ edit ] · Visible hole between mouth and sinus · Fracture of the floor of the maxillary sinus creating a communication to the oral cavity (e.g. as seen following trauma). [2] · Air bubbles, blood or mucoid secretion around the orifice can be seen as air passes from the sinus into the oral cavity through the communication. ... Assess for the presence of visible an opening/hole between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus. - Imaging can be useful. However, radiographs only show if there is a breach in the bony floor of the antrum. ... For example: Candidal infection [9] [10] Chronic maxillary sinus infection of bacterial origin [11] Osteomyelitis [12] Rhinosinusitis [13] Sinus pathology [9] Therefore, OAF should be dealt with first, before treating the complications. ... Antibiotics can help control or prevent any sinus infections. Preoperative nasal decongestants usage can reduce any existing sinus inflammation which will aid surgical manipulation of the mucosa over the bone. [18] Postoperative care [ edit ] Following all methods of OAC/OAF closure, the patients are instructed to avoid activities that could produce pressure changes between the nasal passages and oral cavity for at least 2 weeks due to risk of disruption to the healing process.

Fixed ventricular parasystole occurs when an ectopic pacemaker is protected by entrance block, and thus its activity is completely independent from the sinus pacemaker activity. Hence, the ectopic pacemaker is expected to fire at a fixed rate. Therefore, on ECG , the coupling intervals of the manifest ectopic beats will wander through the basic cycle of the sinus rhythm . Accordingly, the traditional electrocardiographic criteria used to recognize the fixed form of parasystole are: the presence of variable coupling intervals of the manifest ectopic beats; inter-ectopic intervals that are simple multiples of a common denominator; fusion beats . ... Therefore, appropriate diagnosis of modulated parasystole relies upon the construction of a “ phase response curve ” as theoretical evidence of modulation of the ectopic pacemaker cycle length by the electrotonic activity generated by the sinus discharges across the area of protection. ... In this case, the coupling intervals between the manifest ectopic and sinus discharges will be either fixed or variable, depending on the cycle length relations between the two pacemakers. See also [ edit ] Extrasystole References [ edit ] External links [ edit ] Classification D MeSH : D017574 ventricular parasystole atrial parasystole v t e Cardiovascular disease (heart) Ischaemic Coronary disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina Sequelae hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome Layers Pericardium Pericarditis Acute Chronic / Constrictive Pericardial effusion Cardiac tamponade Hemopericardium Myocardium Myocarditis Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy Dilated Alcoholic Hypertrophic Tachycardia-induced Restrictive Loeffler endocarditis Cardiac amyloidosis Endocardial fibroelastosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium / valves Endocarditis infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis Valves mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency Conduction / arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Heart block : Sinoatrial AV 1° 2° 3° Intraventricular Bundle branch block Right Left Left anterior fascicle Left posterior fascicle Bifascicular Trifascicular Adams–Stokes syndrome Tachycardia ( paroxysmal and sinus ) Supraventricular Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic Ventricular Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes Premature contraction Atrial Junctional Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Lown–Ganong–Levine Wolff–Parkinson–White Flutter / fibrillation Atrial flutter Ventricular flutter Atrial fibrillation Familial Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat Multifocal atrial tachycardia Pacemaker syndrome Parasystole Wandering atrial pacemaker Long QT syndrome Andersen–Tawil Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Romano–Ward Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Sinoatrial arrest Other / ungrouped hexaxial reference system Right axis deviation Left axis deviation QT Short QT syndrome T T wave alternans ST Osborn wave ST elevation ST depression Strain pattern Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy Left Right / Cor pulmonale Atrial enlargement Left Right Athletic heart syndrome Other Cardiac fibrosis Heart failure Diastolic heart failure Cardiac asthma Rheumatic fever This article about a medical condition affecting the circulatory system is a stub .

Pneumosinus dilatans Lateral view paranasal sinus Pneumosinus dilatans is a condition consisting of abnormal expansion or dilatation of one or more paranasal sinuses . It most often affects the frontal sinus, and can cause damage to vision due to pressure on the nearby optic nerve . The preferred treatment is endoscopic surgery to deflate the sinus. Sources [ edit ] Hsu, Wen-Ming; et al. (2002).

The pattern of PFHB2, however, tends to develop along the lines of a sinus bradycardia with a left posterior hemiblock, presenting clinically as syncopal episodes, Stokes-Adams seizures, or sudden death when complete heart block supervenes (Brink and Torrington, 1977). ... Of 24 family members who underwent electrocardiography, 10 had conduction abnormalities, including 3 with sinus bradycardia, 3 with isolated left posterior hemiblock, 1 with atrial fibrillation and a slow ventricular response, and 2 with complete heart block (the latter 2 had pacemakers implanted). ... Ten families had pure AV block, 6 had members with AV block or sinus bradycardia, and 3 had pure sinus bradycardia. ... INHERITANCE - Autosomal dominant CARDIOVASCULAR Heart - Sinus bradycardia - Atrioventricular nodal disease - Atrioventricular block - Idionodal escape rhythm - Complete heart block with narrow QRS complexes MISCELLANEOUS - Syncope - Stokes-Adams attacks - Sudden death ▲ Close

Find sources: "Chronic airway-digestive inflammatory disease" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( February 2007 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Chronic airway-digestive inflammatory disease Specialty Gastroenterology Sinus disease, allergies , and asthma have been shown to be intimately related through recent research [ citation needed ] . ... This term was first described in a book entitled Sinus Relief Now. [1] CAID directly affects the upper respiratory system (the nose and the sinuses ), the lower airway (the lungs ) and the GI tract and these areas are intimately connected. ... For example, allergies often worsen sinus problems, and sinus problems and allergies can trigger or worsen asthma . Reflux can be set off by sinus problems and reflux can also send acids up to the upper airway and worsen the inflammation already occurring secondary to infection. ... One treatment option is the so-called Five Part Plan for treatment described in the book Sinus Relief Now which includes: Using irrigation to care for sinuses, Managing the level of mould, allergens, and other pollutants in homes, offices, and cars, by cleaning up your environment Knowing which foods trigger CAID symptoms, and removing them from your diet Being compliant with your treatment.

Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery (AAOCA) Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary sinus on MRI with an inter-arterial, potentially dangerous course. Specialty Medical genetics Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery ( AAOCA ) is a rare congenital heart defect in which a coronary artery inappropriately arises from the aorta, usually from the incorrect sinus of Valsalva. This anomalous coronary artery often takes an interarterial (between the aorta and pulmonary artery), intraconal (within the myocardium), or intramural course (within the aortic wall), and is associated with an increased risk of sudden death in children. ... You can help by adding to it . ( February 2018 ) Treatment [ edit ] Surgical intervention is indicated for coronary artery abnormalities in symptomatic patients with AAOCA (particularly with origin of the LCA from the right sinus), such as those with serious ventricular tachyarrhythmias or documented myocardial ischemia. There are no controlled studies which have evaluated the outcome of intervention in asymptomatic individuals. [ citation needed ] The indications for intervention in asymptomatic patients with AAOCA with an intramural course are debated, especially with AAOCA RCA from the left sinus of Valsalva. Generally refer asymptomatic patients with left coronary artery arising from the right coronary sinus for surgical repair. [ citation needed ] Asymptomatic patients with the right coronary artery arising from the left sinus are managed on a case-by-case basis. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : Q24.5 ICD - 9-CM : 746.85 MeSH : D003330 DiseasesDB : 34206 External resources eMedicine : med/445 ped/2506 v t e Congenital heart defects Heart septal defect Aortopulmonary septal defect Double outlet right ventricle Taussig–Bing syndrome Transposition of the great vessels dextro levo Persistent truncus arteriosus Aortopulmonary window Atrial septal defect Sinus venosus atrial septal defect Lutembacher's syndrome Ventricular septal defect Tetralogy of Fallot Atrioventricular septal defect Ostium primum Consequences Cardiac shunt Cyanotic heart disease Eisenmenger syndrome Valvular heart disease Right pulmonary valves stenosis insufficiency absence tricuspid valves stenosis atresia Ebstein's anomaly Left aortic valves stenosis insufficiency bicuspid mitral valves stenosis regurgitation Other Underdeveloped heart chambers right left Uhl anomaly Dextrocardia Levocardia Cor triatriatum Crisscross heart Brugada syndrome Coronary artery anomaly Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery Ventricular inversion

Cutaneous sinus of dental origin Specialty Dermatology A cutaneous sinus of dental origin is where a dental infection drains onto the surface of the skin of the face or neck. ... Without elimination of the source of the infection, the lesion tends to have a relapsing and remitting course, with healing periods and periods of purulent discharge. Cutaneous sinus tracts may result in fibrosis and scarring which may cause cosmetic concern. ... ISBN 978-1-55009-208-0 . v t e Oral and maxillofacial pathology Lips Cheilitis Actinic Angular Plasma cell Cleft lip Congenital lip pit Eclabium Herpes labialis Macrocheilia Microcheilia Nasolabial cyst Sun poisoning Trumpeter's wart Tongue Ankyloglossia Black hairy tongue Caviar tongue Crenated tongue Cunnilingus tongue Fissured tongue Foliate papillitis Glossitis Geographic tongue Median rhomboid glossitis Transient lingual papillitis Glossoptosis Hypoglossia Lingual thyroid Macroglossia Microglossia Rhabdomyoma Palate Bednar's aphthae Cleft palate High-arched palate Palatal cysts of the newborn Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia Stomatitis nicotina Torus palatinus Oral mucosa – Lining of mouth Amalgam tattoo Angina bullosa haemorrhagica Behçet's disease Bohn's nodules Burning mouth syndrome Candidiasis Condyloma acuminatum Darier's disease Epulis fissuratum Erythema multiforme Erythroplakia Fibroma Giant-cell Focal epithelial hyperplasia Fordyce spots Hairy leukoplakia Hand, foot and mouth disease Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis Herpangina Herpes zoster Intraoral dental sinus Leukoedema Leukoplakia Lichen planus Linea alba Lupus erythematosus Melanocytic nevus Melanocytic oral lesion Molluscum contagiosum Morsicatio buccarum Oral cancer Benign: Squamous cell papilloma Keratoacanthoma Malignant: Adenosquamous carcinoma Basaloid squamous carcinoma Mucosal melanoma Spindle cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Verrucous carcinoma Oral florid papillomatosis Oral melanosis Smoker's melanosis Pemphigoid Benign mucous membrane Pemphigus Plasmoacanthoma Stomatitis Aphthous Denture-related Herpetic Smokeless tobacco keratosis Submucous fibrosis Ulceration Riga–Fede disease Verruca vulgaris Verruciform xanthoma White sponge nevus Teeth ( pulp , dentin , enamel ) Amelogenesis imperfecta Ankylosis Anodontia Caries Early childhood caries Concrescence Failure of eruption of teeth Dens evaginatus Talon cusp Dentin dysplasia Dentin hypersensitivity Dentinogenesis imperfecta Dilaceration Discoloration Ectopic enamel Enamel hypocalcification Enamel hypoplasia Turner's hypoplasia Enamel pearl Fluorosis Fusion Gemination Hyperdontia Hypodontia Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis Impaction Wisdom tooth impaction Macrodontia Meth mouth Microdontia Odontogenic tumors Keratocystic odontogenic tumour Odontoma Dens in dente Open contact Premature eruption Neonatal teeth Pulp calcification Pulp stone Pulp canal obliteration Pulp necrosis Pulp polyp Pulpitis Regional odontodysplasia Resorption Shovel-shaped incisors Supernumerary root Taurodontism Trauma Avulsion Cracked tooth syndrome Vertical root fracture Occlusal Tooth loss Edentulism Tooth wear Abrasion Abfraction Acid erosion Attrition Periodontium ( gingiva , periodontal ligament , cementum , alveolus ) – Gums and tooth-supporting structures Cementicle Cementoblastoma Gigantiform Cementoma Eruption cyst Epulis Pyogenic granuloma Congenital epulis Gingival enlargement Gingival cyst of the adult Gingival cyst of the newborn Gingivitis Desquamative Granulomatous Plasma cell Hereditary gingival fibromatosis Hypercementosis Hypocementosis Linear gingival erythema Necrotizing periodontal diseases Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis Pericoronitis Peri-implantitis Periodontal abscess Periodontal trauma Periodontitis Aggressive As a manifestation of systemic disease Chronic Perio-endo lesion Teething Periapical, mandibular and maxillary hard tissues – Bones of jaws Agnathia Alveolar osteitis Buccal exostosis Cherubism Idiopathic osteosclerosis Mandibular fracture Microgenia Micrognathia Intraosseous cysts Odontogenic : periapical Dentigerous Buccal bifurcation Lateral periodontal Globulomaxillary Calcifying odontogenic Glandular odontogenic Non-odontogenic: Nasopalatine duct Median mandibular Median palatal Traumatic bone Osteoma Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis Bisphosphonate-associated Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis Osteoradionecrosis Osteoporotic bone marrow defect Paget's disease of bone Periapical abscess Phoenix abscess Periapical periodontitis Stafne defect Torus mandibularis Temporomandibular joints , muscles of mastication and malocclusions – Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities Bruxism Condylar resorption Mandibular dislocation Malocclusion Crossbite Open bite Overbite Overeruption Overjet Prognathia Retrognathia Scissor bite Maxillary hypoplasia Temporomandibular joint dysfunction Salivary glands Benign lymphoepithelial lesion Ectopic salivary gland tissue Frey's syndrome HIV salivary gland disease Necrotizing sialometaplasia Mucocele Ranula Pneumoparotitis Salivary duct stricture Salivary gland aplasia Salivary gland atresia Salivary gland diverticulum Salivary gland fistula Salivary gland hyperplasia Salivary gland hypoplasia Salivary gland neoplasms Benign: Basal cell adenoma Canalicular adenoma Ductal papilloma Monomorphic adenoma Myoepithelioma Oncocytoma Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum Pleomorphic adenoma Sebaceous adenoma Malignant: Acinic cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Lymphoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Sclerosing polycystic adenosis Sialadenitis Parotitis Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis Sialectasis Sialocele Sialodochitis Sialosis Sialolithiasis Sjögren's syndrome Orofacial soft tissues – Soft tissues around the mouth Actinomycosis Angioedema Basal cell carcinoma Cutaneous sinus of dental origin Cystic hygroma Gnathophyma Ludwig's angina Macrostomia Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome Microstomia Noma Oral Crohn's disease Orofacial granulomatosis Perioral dermatitis Pyostomatitis vegetans Other Eagle syndrome Hemifacial hypertrophy Facial hemiatrophy Oral manifestations of systemic disease This cutaneous condition article is a stub .

This pain is usually localized to the involved sinus and may worsen when the affected person bends over or when lying down . ... Decongestants may also cause mouth dryness. [25] Once an odontogenic infection involves the maxillary sinus, it may then spread to the orbit or to the ethmoid sinus , the nasal cavity, and frontal sinuses, and in unusual instances can spread from the maxillary sinus causing orbital cellulitis , blindness, meningitis , subdural empyema , brain abscess and life-threatening cavernous sinus thrombosis. [26] [27] Infection of the eye socket is a rare complication of ethmoid sinusitis, which may result in the loss of sight and is accompanied by fever and severe illness. ... PMID 25833927 . S2CID 206469424 . ^ a b c d e f "Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)" . cdc.gov . ... Retrieved 6 April 2015 . ^ "Migraines vs. Sinus Headaches" . American Migraine Foundation . ... "Functional endoscopic balloon dilation of sinus ostia for chronic rhinosinusitis".

Find sources: "Lymphoid hyperplasia" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( July 2020 ) Lymphoid hyperplasia is the rapid growth proliferation of normal cells that resemble lymph tissue. [1] Contents 1 Lymph node anatomy 2 Follicular hyperplasia 3 Paracortical hyperplasia 4 Sinus hyperplasia 5 Complications 6 See also 7 References Lymph node anatomy [ edit ] A lymph node is small, capsulated lymphoid organ that is present along the lymphatic system. ... Must be distinguished from monomorphous T cell lymphoma . Sinus hyperplasia [ edit ] Sinus hyperplasia is the preferential stimulation of the histiocytic (tissues macrophage ) compartment. Histological features include distention or engorgement of both subscapular and inatraparenchymal sinuses by benign histiocytes which may be hemo phagocytic . Sinus hyperplasia may be associated with non-hematolymphoid malignancy.