However, the high rates of death in these species resulting from EBOV infection make it unlikely that these species represent a natural reservoir for the virus. [85] Deforestation has been mentioned as a possible contributor to recent outbreaks, including the West African Ebola virus epidemic . Index cases of EVD have often been close to recently deforested lands. [91] [92] Pathophysiology Pathogenesis schematic Like other filoviruses , EBOV replicates very efficiently in many cells , producing large amounts of virus in monocytes , macrophages , dendritic cells and other cells including liver cells , fibroblasts , and adrenal gland cells . [93] Viral replication triggers high levels of inflammatory chemical signals and leads to a septic state . [38] EBOV is thought to infect humans through contact with mucous membranes or skin breaks. [54] After infection, endothelial cells (cells lining the inside of blood vessels), liver cells, and several types of immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes , and dendritic cells are the main targets of attack. [54] Following infection, immune cells carry the virus to nearby lymph nodes where further reproduction of the virus takes place. [54] From there the virus can enter the bloodstream and lymphatic system and spread throughout the body. [54] Macrophages are the first cells infected with the virus, and this infection results in programmed cell death . [49] Other types of white blood cells , such as lymphocytes , also undergo programmed cell death leading to an abnormally low concentration of lymphocytes in the blood. [54] This contributes to the weakened immune response seen in those infected with EBOV. [54] Endothelial cells may be infected within three days after exposure to the virus. [49] The breakdown of endothelial cells leading to blood vessel injury can be attributed to EBOV glycoproteins .

However, it is unclear how much of an impact these could have on prevalence rates due to the fact that abortion rates and advances in technology vary greatly by country. [51] There are many maternal factors that also play a role in prevalence rates of NTDs. [51] These factors include things like maternal age and obesity all the way to things like socioeconomic status along with many others. [51] Maternal age hasn't been shown to have a huge impact on prevalence rates, but when there has been a relationship identified, older mothers along with very young mothers are at an increased risk. [51] While maternal age may not have a huge impact, mothers that have a body mass index greater than 29 double the risk of their child having an NTD. [51] Studies have also shown that mothers with three or more previous children show moderate risk for their next child having an NTD. [51] References [ edit ] ^ a b "Neural Tube Defects (NTDs): Condition Information" .

Others have a higher Pandemic Severity Index whose severity warrants more comprehensive social isolation measures. [23] The 1918 pandemic killed tens of millions and sickened hundreds of millions; the loss of this many people in the population caused upheaval and psychological damage to many people. [24] There were not enough doctors, hospital rooms, or medical supplies for the living as they contracted the disease. ... Color scheme included to represent corresponding hypothetical estimates of influenza deaths in the 2010 US population, with the same color scale as the previous figure. [96] In 2014 the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention adopted the Pandemic Severity Assessment Framework (PSAF) to assess the severity of pandemics. [95] The PSAF superseded the 2007 linear Pandemic Severity Index , which assumed 30% spread and measured case fatality rate (CFR) to assess the severity and evolution of the pandemic. [97] Historically, measures of pandemic severity were based on the case fatality rate. [98] However, the case fatality rate might not be an adequate measure of pandemic severity during a pandemic response because: [96] Deaths may lag several weeks behind cases, making the case fatality rate an underestimate The total number of cases may not be known, making the case fatality rate an overestimate [99] A single case fatality rate for the entire population may obscure the effect on vulnerable sub-populations, such as children, the elderly, those with chronic conditions, and members of certain racial and ethnic minorities Fatalities alone may not account for the full effects of the pandemic, such as absenteeism or demand on healthcare services To account for the limitations of measuring the case fatality rate alone, the PSAF rates severity of a disease outbreak on two dimensions: clinical severity of illness in infected persons; and the transmissibility of the infection in the population. [96] Each dimension can be measured using more than one measure, which are scaled to allow comparison of the different measures.

Transmission may be decreased indoors with well maintained heating and ventilation systems to maintain good air circulation and increase the use of outdoor air. [36] The number of people generally infected by one infected person varies; as of September 2020 it was estimated that one infected person will, on average, infect between two and three other people. [37] This is more infectious than influenza , but less so than measles . [38] It often spreads in clusters , where infections can be traced back to an index case or geographical location. There is a major role of " super-spreading events ", where many people are infected by one person.

Populations at higher risk of HIV infection include people in prostitution and men attending clinics for sexually transmitted infections. [1] Rwanda is among the world's least developed countries , ranking 166 of 187 in the United Nations Development Program's 2011 Human Development Index . Some 60 percent of the population lives in poverty .

External links [ edit ] The Hairy Family of Burma Classification D ICD - 10 : L68 , Q84.2 ICD - 9-CM : 704.1 , 757.4 OMIM : 135400 MeSH : D006983 DiseasesDB : 20886 External resources MedlinePlus : 003148 eMedicine : article/1072031 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hypertrichosis . v t e Disorders of skin appendages Nail thickness: Onychogryphosis Onychauxis color: Beau's lines Yellow nail syndrome Leukonychia Azure lunula shape: Koilonychia Nail clubbing behavior: Onychotillomania Onychophagia other: Ingrown nail Anonychia ungrouped: Paronychia Acute Chronic Chevron nail Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers Green nails Half and half nails Hangnail Hapalonychia Hook nail Ingrown nail Lichen planus of the nails Longitudinal erythronychia Malalignment of the nail plate Median nail dystrophy Mees' lines Melanonychia Muehrcke's lines Nail–patella syndrome Onychoatrophy Onycholysis Onychomadesis Onychomatricoma Onychomycosis Onychophosis Onychoptosis defluvium Onychorrhexis Onychoschizia Platonychia Pincer nails Plummer's nail Psoriatic nails Pterygium inversum unguis Pterygium unguis Purpura of the nail bed Racquet nail Red lunulae Shell nail syndrome Splinter hemorrhage Spotted lunulae Staining of the nail plate Stippled nails Subungual hematoma Terry's nails Twenty-nail dystrophy Hair Hair loss / Baldness noncicatricial alopecia : Alopecia areata totalis universalis Ophiasis Androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness) Hypotrichosis Telogen effluvium Traction alopecia Lichen planopilaris Trichorrhexis nodosa Alopecia neoplastica Anagen effluvium Alopecia mucinosa cicatricial alopecia : Pseudopelade of Brocq Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Pressure alopecia Traumatic alopecia Tumor alopecia Hot comb alopecia Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens Graham-Little syndrome Folliculitis decalvans ungrouped: Triangular alopecia Frontal fibrosing alopecia Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis Hypertrichosis Hirsutism Acquired localised generalised patterned Congenital generalised localised X-linked Prepubertal Acneiform eruption Acne Acne vulgaris Acne conglobata Acne miliaris necrotica Tropical acne Infantile acne / Neonatal acne Excoriated acne Acne fulminans Acne medicamentosa (e.g., steroid acne ) Halogen acne Iododerma Bromoderma Chloracne Oil acne Tar acne Acne cosmetica Occupational acne Acne aestivalis Acne keloidalis nuchae Acne mechanica Acne with facial edema Pomade acne Acne necrotica Blackhead Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei Rosacea Perioral dermatitis Granulomatous perioral dermatitis Phymatous rosacea Rhinophyma Blepharophyma Gnathophyma Metophyma Otophyma Papulopustular rosacea Lupoid rosacea Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea Glandular rosacea Gram-negative rosacea Steroid rosacea Ocular rosacea Persistent edema of rosacea Rosacea conglobata variants Periorificial dermatitis Pyoderma faciale Ungrouped Granulomatous facial dermatitis Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma Periorbital dermatitis SAPHO syndrome Follicular cysts " Sebaceous cyst " Epidermoid cyst Trichilemmal cyst Steatocystoma simplex multiplex Milia Inflammation Folliculitis Folliculitis nares perforans Tufted folliculitis Pseudofolliculitis barbae Hidradenitis Hidradenitis suppurativa Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis Ungrouped Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex Acroosteolysis Bubble hair deformity Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli Hair casts Hair follicle nevus Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy Keratosis pilaris atropicans Kinking hair Koenen's tumor Lichen planopilaris Lichen spinulosus Loose anagen syndrome Menkes kinky hair syndrome Monilethrix Parakeratosis pustulosa Pili ( Pili annulati Pili bifurcati Pili multigemini Pili pseudoannulati Pili torti ) Pityriasis amiantacea Plica neuropathica Poliosis Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome Setleis syndrome Traumatic anserine folliculosis Trichomegaly Trichomycosis axillaris Trichorrhexis ( Trichorrhexis invaginata Trichorrhexis nodosa ) Trichostasis spinulosa Uncombable hair syndrome Wooly hair nevus Sweat glands Eccrine Miliaria Colloid milium Miliaria crystalline Miliaria profunda Miliaria pustulosa Miliaria rubra Occlusion miliaria Postmiliarial hypohidrosis Granulosis rubra nasi Ross’ syndrome Anhidrosis Hyperhidrosis Generalized Gustatory Palmoplantar Apocrine Body odor Chromhidrosis Fox–Fordyce disease Sebaceous Sebaceous hyperplasia v t e Congenital malformations and deformations of skin appendages Nail disease Anonychia Leukonychia Pachyonychia congenita / Onychauxis Koilonychia Hair disease hypotrichosis /abnormalities: keratin disease Monilethrix IBIDS syndrome Sabinas brittle hair syndrome Pili annulati Pili torti Uncombable hair syndrome Björnstad syndrome Giant axonal neuropathy with curly hair hypertrichosis : Zimmermann–Laband syndrome v t e Human hair Classification by type Lanugo Androgenic Terminal Vellus by location Body Ear Nose Eyebrow unibrow Eyelash Underarm Chest Abdominal Pubic Leg Head hairstyles ( list ) Afro Afro puffs Asymmetric cut Bald Bangs Beehive Big hair Blowout Bob cut Bouffant Bowl cut Braid Brush cut Bun ( odango ) Bunches Burr Businessman cut Butch cut Buzz cut Caesar cut Chignon Chonmage Chupryna Comb over Conk Cornrows Crew cut Crochet braids Croydon facelift Curly hair Curtained hair Devilock Dido flip Digital perm Dreadlocks Duck's ass Eton crop Extensions Feathered hair Finger wave Flattop Fontange French braid French twist Fringe Frosted tips Hair crimping Harvard clip High and tight Hime cut Historical Christian hairstyles Hi-top fade Induction cut Ivy League Jewfro Jheri curl Kiss curl Layered hair Liberty spikes Long hair Lob cut Marcelling Mod cut Mohawk Mullet 1950s 1980s Pageboy Part Payot Pigtail Pixie cut Polish halfshaven head Pompadour Ponytail Punch perm Princeton Professional cut Queue Quiff Rattail Razor cut Regular haircut Ringlets Shag Shape-Up Shimada Short back and sides Short brush cut Short hair Spiky hair Straight hair Standard haircut Surfer hair Taper cut Temple Fade Tonsure Updo Undercut Waves Widow's peak Wings Facial hair ( list ) Beard Chinstrap Goatee Shenandoah Soul patch Van Dyke Moustache Fu Manchu handlebar horseshoe pencil toothbrush walrus Designer stubble Sideburns Hair loss cosmetic Removal waxing threading plucking chemical electric laser IPL Shaving head leg cream brush soap Razor electric safety straight other Alopecia areata totalis universalis Frictional alopecia Male-pattern hair loss Hypertrichosis Management Trichophilia Trichotillomania Pogonophobia Haircare products Brush Clay Clipper Comb Conditioner Dryer Gel Hot comb Iron Mousse Pomade Relaxer Rollers Shampoo Spray Wax Haircare techniques Backcombing Crimping Curly Girl Method Hair cutting Perm Shampoo and set Straightening Related topics Afro-textured hair ( kinky hair ) Beard and haircut laws by country Bearded lady Barber ( pole ) Eponymous hairstyle Frizz Good hair Hairdresser Hair fetishism ( pubic ) Hair follicle Hair growth Hypertrichosis Trichotillomania

[f] The more common procedure is Type Ib ( clitoridectomy ), the complete or partial removal of the clitoral glans (the visible tip of the clitoris) and clitoral hood. [1] [38] The circumciser pulls the clitoral glans with her thumb and index finger and cuts it off. [g] Type II Type II (excision) is the complete or partial removal of the inner labia , with or without removal of the clitoral glans and outer labia .

External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : F65.0 , F65.1 ICD - 9-CM : 302.81 MeSH : D005329 v t e Sexual fetishism Actions, states Aquaphilia Autassassinophilia Coprophilia Cuckold / Cuckquean Emetophilia Erotic hypnosis Erotic lactation Erotic spanking Exhibitionism Forced seduction Gaining and feeding Medical fetishism Omorashi Paraphilic infantilism (adult baby) Pregnancy Smoking Tickling Total enclosure Transvestic Tightlacing Tamakeri Urolagnia Vorarephilia Wet and messy fetishism Body parts Armpit Breast Belly Buttocks Eyeball Fat Feet Hands Height Hair Legs Navels Noses Clothing Boots Ballet boots Boot worship Thigh-high boots Clothing Corset Diapers Gloves Pantyhose Latex Rubber and PVC Shoes Spandex Underwear Uniforms Objects Balloons Dolls Latex and PVC Robots Spandex Controversial / illegal Lust murder Necrophilia Rape fantasy Zoophilia Culture / media Artists Fetish art Fetish clubs Fashion Magazines Models Race Asian sexual fetishism Ethnic pornography Sexual racism Related topics BDSM FetLife International Fetish Day Kink Leather subculture Leather Pride flag Sexual roleplay Book Category v t e Paraphilias List Abasiophilia Acrotomophilia Agalmatophilia Algolagnia Apotemnophilia Autassassinophilia Biastophilia Capnolagnia Chremastistophilia Chronophilia Coprophagia Coprophilia Crurophilia Crush fetish Dacryphilia Dendrophilia Emetophilia Eproctophilia Erotic asphyxiation Erotic hypnosis Erotophonophilia Exhibitionism Formicophilia Frotteurism Gerontophilia Homeovestism Hybristophilia Infantophilia Kleptolagnia Klismaphilia Lactaphilia Macrophilia Masochism Mechanophilia Microphilia Narratophilia Nasophilia Necrophilia Object sexuality Odaxelagnia Olfactophilia Omorashi Paraphilic infantilism Partialism Pedophilia Podophilia Plushophilia Pyrophilia Sadism Salirophilia Scopophilia Somnophilia Sthenolagnia Tamakeri Telephone scatologia Transvestic fetishism Trichophilia Troilism Urolagnia Urophagia Vorarephilia Voyeurism Zoophilia Zoosadism See also Other specified paraphilic disorder Erotic target location error Courtship disorder Polymorphous perversity Sexual fetishism Human sexual activity Perversion Sexology Book Category v t e Outline of BDSM Glossary Index Bondage and discipline B&D or B/D Animal roleplay Bondage hood Bondage positions and methods Bondage suit Collar Equipment Erotic sexual denial Erotic tickling Forced orgasm Head bondage Hogtie bondage Human furniture In culture and media Interrogation scene Japanese bondage Law Metal bondage Mummification Organizations Positions Predicament bondage Rope bondage Self-bondage Sensation play Spreadeagle position Suspension bondage Total enclosure Dominance and submission D&S or D/s Ageplay Bladder desperation Body worship Boot worship Dominatrix Erotic humiliation Facesitting Fear play Female submission Feminization Male dominance Male submission Master/slave Medical fetishism Rape fantasy Forced seduction Servitude Sadomasochism S&M or S/M Breast torture Caning Cock and ball torture Erotic asphyxiation Erotic electrostimulation Erotic spanking Figging Impact play Knife play Play piercing Pussy torture Temperature play Urethral sounding Violet wand Wax play In fiction Related topics Consent Dungeon monitor Edgeplay Edging Feminist views on BDSM Gorean subculture International Fetish Day Kink Leathermen Leather Pride flag Limits Munch Pegging Play Play party Risk-aware consensual kink Safeword Sexual fetishism Sexual roleplay Top, bottom, switch Writers Laura Antoniou Pauline Réage Catherine Robbe-Grillet Leopold von Sacher-Masoch John Norman Commentators and theorists Gloria Brame Patrick Califia Dossie Easton Janet Hardy Trevor Jacques Fakir Musafar Gayle Rubin Organizations FetLife Universities with BDSM clubs Category v t e Outline of human sexuality Physiology and biology Erection Insemination Intersex Libido Nocturnal emission Orgasm Female and male ejaculation Pelvic thrust Pre-ejaculate Pregnancy Sexual arousal Sexual stimulation Health and education Birth control Condom Masters and Johnson Reproductive medicine Andrology Gynaecology Urology Safe sex Sex education Sex therapy ( PLISSIT model ) Sexology Sexual dysfunction Erectile dysfunction Hypersexuality Hyposexuality Sexual medicine Sexual surrogate Sexually transmitted infection Identity and diversity Gender binary Gender identity Men who have sex with men Sexual identity Sexual orientation Women who have sex with women Law Age of consent Criminal transmission of HIV Child sexual abuse Incest Indecent exposure Obscenity Sexual abuse Cybersex trafficking Rape Sex trafficking Sexual assault Sexual harassment Sexual misconduct Sexual slavery Sexual violence History Blue Movie Counterculture of the 1960s Feminist sex wars Golden Age of Porn History of erotic depictions Sexual revolution Relationships and society Anarchism and love/sex Extramarital sex Family planning Flirting Free love Marriage Modesty Polyamory Premarital sex Promiscuity Romance Sex-positive movement Sexual abstinence Sexual addiction Sexual attraction Sexual capital Sexual ethics Sexual objectification Sexual slang By country Ancient Rome China India Japan Philippines South Korea United States Sexual activities Conventional sex Anal sex Bareback BDSM Child sex Creampie Edging Erotic sexual denial Fetishism Fingering Fisting Gang bang Group sex Masturbation Mechanics of sex Nipple stimulation Non-penetrative sex Facial Foot fetishism Footjob Forced orgasm Frot Handjob Mammary intercourse Sumata Oral sex 69 Anilingus Cunnilingus Fellatio Irrumatio Paraphilia Pompoir Quickie Sex in space Sex positions Sexual fantasy Sexual fetishism Sexual intercourse Foreplay Sexual penetration Swinging Tribadism Urethral intercourse Urolagnia Virtual sex Cybersex Erotic talk Wet T-shirt contest Sex industry Red-light district Adult video games Erotica Pornography Film actor Prostitution Survival sex Sex museum Sex shop Sex tourism Child Female Sex worker Sex toy doll Strip club Webcam model Religion and sexuality Buddhism Christian demonology Daoism Islam Mormonism Sex magic Human sexuality portal v t e Human sexuality and sexology Sexual relationship phenomena Asexuality Gray asexuality Bisexuality Casual relationship Casual sex Celibacy Celibacy syndrome Herbivore men Committed relationship Conventional sex Free love Foreplay Heterosexuality Homosexuality Hypersexuality Marriage One-night stand Polyamory Promiscuity Female Romantic love Romantic orientation Flirting Sex life Sexual abstinence Sexual orientation Sexual partner Single person Swinging Sexual dynamics Hypergamy Intersex Physical attractiveness Sexual attraction Sexual capital Sexual ethics Sexual frustration Sociosexuality See also Sexual addiction Sex Addicts Anonymous Sex-positive movement Sexual surrogate v t e Mental and behavioral disorders Adult personality and behavior Gender dysphoria Ego-dystonic sexual orientation Paraphilia Fetishism Voyeurism Sexual maturation disorder Sexual relationship disorder Other Factitious disorder Munchausen syndrome Intermittent explosive disorder Dermatillomania Kleptomania Pyromania Trichotillomania Personality disorder Childhood and learning Emotional and behavioral ADHD Conduct disorder ODD Emotional and behavioral disorders Separation anxiety disorder Movement disorders Stereotypic Social functioning DAD RAD Selective mutism Speech Stuttering Cluttering Tic disorder Tourette syndrome Intellectual disability X-linked intellectual disability Lujan–Fryns syndrome Psychological development ( developmental disabilities ) Pervasive Specific Mood (affective) Bipolar Bipolar I Bipolar II Bipolar NOS Cyclothymia Depression Atypical depression Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Melancholic depression Seasonal affective disorder Mania Neurological and symptomatic Autism spectrum Autism Asperger syndrome High-functioning autism PDD-NOS Savant syndrome Dementia AIDS dementia complex Alzheimer's disease Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease Frontotemporal dementia Huntington's disease Mild cognitive impairment Parkinson's disease Pick's disease Sundowning Vascular dementia Wandering Other Delirium Organic brain syndrome Post-concussion syndrome Neurotic , stress -related and somatoform Adjustment Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Anxiety Phobia Agoraphobia Social anxiety Social phobia Anthropophobia Specific social phobia Specific phobia Claustrophobia Other Generalized anxiety disorder OCD Panic attack Panic disorder Stress Acute stress reaction PTSD Dissociative Depersonalization disorder Dissociative identity disorder Fugue state Psychogenic amnesia Somatic symptom Body dysmorphic disorder Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome Globus pharyngis Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures False pregnancy Hypochondriasis Mass psychogenic illness Nosophobia Psychogenic pain Somatization disorder Physiological and physical behavior Eating Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Rumination syndrome Other specified feeding or eating disorder Nonorganic sleep Hypersomnia Insomnia Parasomnia Night terror Nightmare REM sleep behavior disorder Postnatal Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis Sexual dysfunction Arousal Erectile dysfunction Female sexual arousal disorder Desire Hypersexuality Hypoactive sexual desire disorder Orgasm Anorgasmia Delayed ejaculation Premature ejaculation Sexual anhedonia Pain Nonorganic dyspareunia Nonorganic vaginismus Psychoactive substances, substance abuse and substance-related Drug overdose Intoxication Physical dependence Rebound effect Stimulant psychosis Substance dependence Withdrawal Schizophrenia , schizotypal and delusional Delusional Delusional disorder Folie à deux Psychosis and schizophrenia-like Brief reactive psychosis Schizoaffective disorder Schizophreniform disorder Schizophrenia Childhood schizophrenia Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia Paranoid schizophrenia Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia Simple-type schizophrenia Other Catatonia Symptoms and uncategorized Impulse control disorder Klüver–Bucy syndrome Psychomotor agitation Stereotypy Authority control BNF : cb11940796g (data) LCCN : sh95000216

Sulfonic acids : Acamprosate Religion and alcohol Christian views on alcohol alcohol in the Bible Islam and alcohol History Bratt System Related Index of alcohol-related articles Austrian syndrome Ban on caffeinated alcoholic beverages Brief intervention Gateway drug effect Last call Mood disorder Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Self-medication Spins Sober companion Sober living houses Sobering center Town drunk Category v t e Pregnancy and childbirth Planning Birth control Natural family planning Pre-conception counseling Conception Assisted reproductive technology Artificial insemination Fertility medication In vitro fertilisation Fertility awareness Unintended pregnancy Testing 3D ultrasound Obstetric ultrasonography Pregnancy test Home testing Prenatal diagnosis Prenatal Anatomy Amniotic fluid Amniotic sac Endometrium Placenta Development Fundal height Gestational age Human embryogenesis Maternal physiological changes Postpartum physiological changes Care Nutrition Environmental toxicants In pregnancy Prenatal Concomitant conditions Drinking Diabetes mellitus Smoking Vaping SLE Sexual activity during pregnancy Procedures Amniocentesis Cardiotocography Chorionic villus sampling Nonstress test Abortion Childbirth Preparation Bradley method Hypnobirthing Lamaze Nesting instinct Roles Doula Birth attendant Men's roles Midwife Obstetrician Perinatal nurse Traditional birth attendant Delivery Bloody show Childbirth positions Home birth Multiple birth Natural childbirth Pelvimetry / Bishop score Cervical dilation Cervical effacement Position Presentation Breech Cephalic Shoulder Rupture of membranes Unassisted childbirth Uterine contraction Water birth Postpartum Maternal Postpartum confinement Sex after pregnancy Psychiatric disorders of childbirth Postpartum physiological changes Roles Doula Health visitor Lactation consultant Monthly nurse Confinement nanny Infant Adaptation to extrauterine life Child care Congenital disorders Obstetric history Gravidity and parity v t e Pathology of pregnancy , childbirth and the puerperium Pregnancy Pregnancy with abortive outcome Abortion Ectopic pregnancy Abdominal Cervical Interstitial Ovarian Heterotopic Embryo loss Fetal resorption Molar pregnancy Miscarriage Stillbirth Oedema , proteinuria and hypertensive disorders Gestational hypertension Pre-eclampsia HELLP syndrome Eclampsia Other, predominantly related to pregnancy Digestive system Acute fatty liver of pregnancy Gestational diabetes Hepatitis E Hyperemesis gravidarum Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy Integumentary system / dermatoses of pregnancy Gestational pemphigoid Impetigo herpetiformis Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy Linea nigra Prurigo gestationis Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) Striae gravidarum Nervous system Chorea gravidarum Blood Gestational thrombocytopenia Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity amniotic fluid Oligohydramnios Polyhydramnios Braxton Hicks contractions chorion / amnion Amniotic band syndrome Chorioamnionitis Chorionic hematoma Monoamniotic twins Premature rupture of membranes Obstetrical bleeding Antepartum placenta Circumvallate placenta Monochorionic twins Placenta accreta Placenta praevia Placental abruption Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome Labor Amniotic fluid embolism Cephalopelvic disproportion Dystocia Shoulder dystocia Fetal distress Locked twins Nuchal cord Obstetrical bleeding Postpartum Pain management during childbirth placenta Placenta accreta Preterm birth Postmature birth Umbilical cord prolapse Uterine inversion Uterine rupture Vasa praevia Puerperal Breastfeeding difficulties Low milk supply Cracked nipples Breast engorgement Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder Diastasis symphysis pubis Postpartum bleeding Peripartum cardiomyopathy Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis Postpartum thyroiditis Puerperal fever Puerperal mastitis Other Concomitant conditions Diabetes mellitus Systemic lupus erythematosus Thyroid disorders Maternal death Sexual activity during pregnancy Category v t e Conditions originating in the perinatal period / fetal disease Maternal factors complicating pregnancy, labour or delivery placenta Placenta praevia Placental insufficiency Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome chorion / amnion Chorioamnionitis umbilical cord Umbilical cord prolapse Nuchal cord Single umbilical artery presentation Breech birth Asynclitism Shoulder presentation Growth Small for gestational age / Large for gestational age Preterm birth / Postterm pregnancy Intrauterine growth restriction Birth trauma scalp Cephalohematoma Chignon Caput succedaneum Subgaleal hemorrhage Brachial plexus injury Erb's palsy Klumpke paralysis Affected systems Respiratory Intrauterine hypoxia Infant respiratory distress syndrome Transient tachypnea of the newborn Meconium aspiration syndrome Pleural disease Pneumothorax Pneumomediastinum Wilson–Mikity syndrome Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Cardiovascular Pneumopericardium Persistent fetal circulation Bleeding and hematologic disease Vitamin K deficiency bleeding HDN ABO Anti-Kell Rh c Rh D Rh E Hydrops fetalis Hyperbilirubinemia Kernicterus Neonatal jaundice Velamentous cord insertion Intraventricular hemorrhage Germinal matrix hemorrhage Anemia of prematurity Gastrointestinal Ileus Necrotizing enterocolitis Meconium peritonitis Integument and thermoregulation Erythema toxicum Sclerema neonatorum Nervous system Perinatal asphyxia Periventricular leukomalacia Musculoskeletal Gray baby syndrome muscle tone Congenital hypertonia Congenital hypotonia Infections Vertically transmitted infection Neonatal infection rubella herpes simplex mycoplasma hominis ureaplasma urealyticum Omphalitis Neonatal sepsis Group B streptococcal infection Neonatal conjunctivitis Other Miscarriage Perinatal mortality Stillbirth Infant mortality Neonatal withdrawal v t e Human physiology of sexual reproduction Menstrual cycle Menarche Menstruation Follicular phase Ovulation Luteal phase Gametogenesis Spermatogenesis spermatogonium spermatocyte spermatid sperm Oogenesis oogonium oocyte ootid ovum Germ cell gonocyte gamete Human sexual activity Sexual arousal Sexual intercourse Masturbation Erection Orgasm Ejaculation Insemination Fertilization / Fertility Implantation Pregnancy Postpartum period Mechanics of sex Development of the reproductive system Sexual differentiation Sexual dimorphism Feminization Virilization Puberty Gonadarche Tanner scale Pubarche Menarche Spermarche Adrenarche Maternal age / Paternal age Menopause Egg Ovum Oviposition Oviparity Ovoviviparity Vivipary Reproductive endocrinology and infertility Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis Andrology Hormone Breast Thelarche Development Lactation Breastfeeding Human reproductive system Male Female v t e Development of the human body Before birth Development Zygote Embryo Fetus Gestational age Birth and after Birth Child development stages Puberty Adult development Ageing Senescence Death Phases Infant Toddler Early childhood Childhood Child Preadolescence Adolescence Young adult Adulthood Middle age Old age Social and legal Minor Age of majority v t e Infants and their care Health ( Pediatrics ) Baby food Birth weight Breast pump Breastfeeding Breastfeeding and medications Bottle feeding Colic Immunizations Cradle cap Cross eyed Failure to thrive Immunization Infant and toddler safety Infant bathing Infant food safety Infant formula Infant massage Infant food safety Infant nutrition Infant respiratory distress syndrome Infant sleep training Neo-natal intensive care unit Newborn care and safety Oral rehydration therapy Pedialyte Preterm birth Shaken baby syndrome Soy formula Sudden infant death syndrome Breastfeeding and mental health Development Attachment parenting Baby-led weaning Baby talk Babbling Childbirth Congenital disorder Crawling Infant visual development Diaper rash Gestational age Infant cognitive development Kangaroo care Mother Nursery Rhyme Object permanence Parent Parenting Peekaboo Play Prenatal development Prenatal development table Teething Types of crying Walking Weaning Socialization and Culture Attachment Babysitting Child abuse Child custody Child's rights UN Child rights Circumcision Daycare Foster care Grandparent visitation Infant swimming Milk bank Nanny Wet nurse Infant care and equipment Baby bouncer Baby gate Baby monitor / Hidden camera Baby powder Baby shampoo Baby toy Baby walker Bib Baby swing Baby transport Bassinet Car seat safety Cloth diaper Cradle board Diaper Diaper bag Baby wipes Haberman Feeder High chair Infant bed (American 'crib' and 'cradle', British 'cot') Infant carrier Infant clothing Pacifier Playpen Stroller Supplemental nursing system Swaddling Swim diaper Teether Travel cot Other topics Baby shower Babywearing Child neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental responsibility Parenting plan Paternity Paternity fraud

In women ages 25–29, prevalence was 56%. [7] The Human Development Index from the UN Development Programme reports that as a consequence of HIV/AIDS, life expectancy in Eswatini has fallen from 61 years in 2000, to 32 years in 2009. [8] From another perspective, the last available World Health Organization (WHO) data (2002) shows that 64% of all deaths in the country were caused by HIV/AIDS. [9] In 2009, an estimated 7,000 people died from AIDS-related causes. [10] On a total population of approximately 1,185,000 [11] this implies that HIV/AIDS kills an estimated 0.6% of the Swazi population every year.

This is likely due to heavy workload and a higher body mass index (BMI). [41] Although spinal stenosis tends to affect men more than women, degenerative spondylolisthesis in association with spinal stenosis is more prevalent in women. [33] Occupation, race, and smaller canal diameter also do not appear to have a correlation with the development of spinal stenosis. [33] Furthermore, there is now a disproportionate rise in spinal surgery being performed.

The presence of any combinations of these symptoms, subcapsular liver hematoma in particular, warrants an immediate check-up due to the high morbidity and mortality rates of this condition. [13] [14] [15] Risk factors [ edit ] Elevated body mass index and metabolic disorders , as well as antiphospholipid syndrome , significantly increase the risk of HELLP syndrome in all female patients.

A full mouth examination and recording is required to document and track periodontal disease including: Pocket Depth ( PD ) Clinical Attachment Loss ( CAL ) Bleeding On Probing ( BOP ) Plaque index/score Furcation involvement Suppuration Mobility Radiographs Measuring disease progression is carried out by measuring probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding indices using a periodontal probe . ... Younger Other specialties Endodontology Orthodontology Prosthodontology v t e Dentistry Specialties Endodontics Oral and maxillofacial pathology Oral and maxillofacial radiology Oral and maxillofacial surgery Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics Pediatric dentistry Periodontics Prosthodontics Dental public health Cosmetic dentistry Dental implantology Geriatric dentistry Restorative dentistry Forensic odontology Dental traumatology Holistic dentistry Dental surgery Dental extraction Tooth filling Root canal therapy Root end surgery Scaling and root planing Teeth cleaning Dental bonding Tooth polishing Tooth bleaching Socket preservation Dental implant Organisations American Association of Orthodontists British Dental Association British Dental Health Foundation British Orthodontic Society Canadian Association of Orthodontists Dental Technologists Association General Dental Council Indian Dental Association National Health Service See also Index of oral health and dental articles Outline of dentistry and oral health Dental fear Dental instruments Dental material History of dental treatments Infant oral mutilation Mouth assessment Oral hygiene

Adorn'd with Cuts, and a compleat Index . printed by J. Purser, for the author, and sold by J.

"National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID)" . v t e Concepts in infectious disease Transmission Basic concepts Asymptomatic carrier Host Incubation period Index case Infectious period Latent period Natural reservoir Subclinical infection Super-spreader Modes Human-to-human transmission Horizontal Vertical Cross-species transmission Spillover infection Vector Zoonosis Reverse zoonosis Routes Airborne disease Blood-borne disease Foodborne illness Waterborne disease Hospital-acquired infection Fomite Fecal-oral route Sexual Modelling Attack rate Basic reproduction number Compartmental models in epidemiology Critical community size Herd immunity Infection rate Serial interval Transmission risks and rates Medication Antimicrobial Antibiotic Antiviral drug Antimicrobial resistance Immunotherapy Phage therapy Vaccination Emerging infections Disease X Emergent virus Other Discovery of disease-causing pathogens Eradication of infectious diseases Pandemic

The People Living with HIV Stigma Index , 2014, pp. 1-42. Lesotho Network of People Living with HIV and AIDS (LENEPWHA). ^ The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 2017.

Patients presenting with ENKTCL-NT that does not involve the head area typically have a disseminated and aggressively progressive disease with a very poor prognosis. [11] Patients with stage I or II localized disease that have been treated with the recently defined chemotherapeutic protocols have 5 year survivals of ~70-89% [9] while those with advanced stage III or IV disseminated disease treated with these protocols have 5 year survivals of 50%. [23] Patients who relapse or are resistant to these protocols have had overall survivals of just a few months. [9] Three prognostic models, NK-PI, PINK (i.e. prognostic index of natural killer lymphomas), and PINK-E) for ENKTCL-NT have evolved over the past 12 years.

The following biomarkers were suggested as potential candidates by the 2010 Visual Impairment Summit: [37] albumin aquaporin atrial naturetic peptide CRP/inflammation markers immunoglobin G index insulin-like growth factors myelin basic protein oligoclonal bands platelet count S-100 somatostatin tet-transactivator (TTA) vasopressin Also, gene expression profiling , epigenetic modifications , CO 2 retaining variants , single-nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants should be expanded in order to better characterize the individual susceptibility to develop the VIIP syndrome.

When the boys reached 6 years of age, 93% of those in the prophylaxis group and 55% of those in the episodic-therapy group had a normal index joint-structure on MRI . [32] Preventative treatment, however, resulted in average costs of $ 300,000 per year.

"Relationship between ankle brachial index and arterial remodeling in pseudoxanthoma elasticum" . primary.