Atrial Septal Defect 5

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2019-09-22
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A number sign (#) is used with this entry because of evidence that atrial septal defect-5 (ASD5) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the ACTC1 gene (102540) on chromosome 15q14.

For a phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity in atrial septal defect, see ASD1 (108800).

Mapping

Matsson et al. (2008) studied 2 large Swedish families segregating autosomal dominant isolated secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with variable clinical expression. Genotyping with microsatellite markers in 'family 1' revealed a specific haplotype in all affected individuals spanning a 15.1-cM region of chromosome 15q13-q21; analysis of 'family 2' identified a minimal haplotype with significant linkage to ASD consisting of markers GT44248, GATA12322, and ACTC. All affected individuals genotyped had identical allele sizes for the marker haplotype, suggesting a shared ancestral mutation for the 2 families. A 2-point lod score of 4.8 was obtained for marker ACTC, located within intron 4 of the ACTC1 gene.

Molecular Genetics

Matsson et al. (2008) analyzed the ACTC1 gene in 2 large Swedish families segregating autosomal dominant ASD and identified heterozygosity for a mutation (M123V; 102540.0005) in the 20 available affected individuals. The authors studied 408 additional individuals referred for sporadic congenital heart disease and identified a 17-bp deletion in the ACTC1 gene in a 10-year-old girl with secundum ASD (102540.0006); the mutation was also identified in her clinically unaffected 43-year-old father, who was found to have an abnormal echocardiogram with a posteriorly deviated interventricular septum, believed to be associated with a spontaneously closed perimembranous ventricular septal defect, causing aortic valve regurgitation. Neither mutation was found in 580 control samples.