Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type 3

Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 3 (DGI-3) is a rare, severe form of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI, see this term) characterized by opalescent primary and permanent teeth, marked attrition, large pulp chambers, multiple pulp exposure and shell teeth radiographically (i.e. teeth which appear hollow due to dentin hypotrophy).

Epidemiology

Prevalence of DGI-3 is not known. The disease was identified in the Brandywine isolate in southern Maryland, USA.

Clinical description

In DGI-3, both primary and permanent dentition are affected and teeth are often opalescent. Enamel loss and excessive wear have been reported, as well as marked tooth attrition. DGI-3 is associated with multiple periapical radiolucencies in noncarious teeth.

Etiology

The disorder is caused by mutations in the DSPP gene (4q21.3) coding for dentin sialophosphoprotein, a precursor for dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein which are involved in dentinogenesis.

Genetic counseling

Transmission is autosomal dominant.